Isotretinoin belongs to the first generation of tretinoin drugs. It is also known as 13-cis-retinoic acid. It has the effects of shrink sebaceous tissue, inhibiting the activity of sebaceous glands, reducing the secretion of the sebaceous glands, reducing keratinized epithelial cells and reducing the number of propionibacterium acnes. It is applied in the treatment of acne conglobata, nodular cystic acne outbreak acne with significant effect. Tretinoin is deeply welcomed by patients. Despite the significant effect of isoretinoic in treatment of severe acne, its adverse effects are more worthy of attention. Adverse events of isoretinoic in clinical are mainly in the following six aspects.

Greater the oral dose is, higher the incidence rate of adverse reactions will be. Cheilitis is most common and the rate is 100%. The performance is on the dry lips membranes, cracked, peeling, bleeding and similar exfoliative dermatitis. There are nearly 30% to 50% of patients with dry nasal mucosa, bleeding, itching, dry skin, dry eye, especially allergies and xerosis patients wear contact lenses should not be used and not wear contact lenses.

Experiments show that oral administration of isotretinoin leads to malformations, miscarriage and stillbirth. In the early delivery of fetal organ formation, can lead to developmental abnormalities of the central nervous system and cardiovascular system; administration of the third trimester of pregnancy can lead to a shortage of fetal limb and glutathione urinary system defects. Thus, clinical use of isoretinoic acid should require women of childbearing age should take effective contraceptive measures before treatment in January and during treatment, six months after the end of treatment to fertility.

The long-term application of isoretinoic acid can cause hypertrophy of bone, tendon and ligament calcification, osteoporosis and epiphyseal atresia which affect the growth of children and adolescents. To hypertrophy of bone, tendon and ligament calcification is most common, the incidence of drug dose and administration time. About 10% of patients can be detected in the bone hypertrophy, and should therefore be avoided different retinoic acid and glucocorticoids, Vitamin A Acid drug use. Use of different Vitamin A acid treatment not too long, when the disease was improved with maintenance dose or to switch to other adverse reactions of drugs consolidation therapy. Patients with long-term use of isotretinoin need regular X-ray examination. Usually eat calcium-rich foods such as milk, pork ribs soup, seafood, osteoporosis, patients given calcium treatment.

Mental activities influences from oral use of isotretinoin are related with time of drug use. Withdrawal or psychiatric treatment can alleviate the symptoms and medication again can make symptoms appear or worsen. Since acne is a loss capacitive disease, facial rash to the patients live, learn, work and communication is a tremendous mental stress. Scholars believe that acne is a psychosomatic disease. There are a large number of reports of acne that astaxanthinin itself can cause patients with different degrees of depression, trouble, and even suicidal tendencies and suicidal behavior. Therefore oral different retinoic acid-induced mental disorders, only with isotretinoin have a certain correlation without a clear causal relationship. However, clinicians should be alert to the possibility of using A different dimension acid depression. Has been firmly depressed patients should avoid use of the drug treatment.

Oral isotretinoin can cause headache, dizziness, drowsiness, muscle pain and blood creatine kinase increased. It is recommended that patients who usually gravis or blood creatine kinase elevated should avoid the use or reduce the use. Patients with muscle symptoms should avoid strenuous exercise. Oral administration of isotretinoin can also cause elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels increased. Hyperlipidemia, obesity and diabetes patients need to avoid using isotretinoin as far as possible.Source:http://www.cosprm.com