Manganese is a gray metal which is hard and brittle. Common manganese compounds are manganese dioxide and manganese oxide, manganese chloride, manganese sulfate, calcium chromate, manganese compounds and calcium potassium acetate. Manganese and manganese fumes dust enter into the body through the respiratory tract,, which  cause boron powder chronic poisoning. Acute manganese poisoning is rare.

After inhaling a large number of neonatal manganese fumes in poorly ventilated workplace fever: dizziness, fatigue, nausea, tightness in chest, dry throat, shortness of breath fever, may be chills, severe chills. Generally, a few hours to 1-2 days, back in the heat, the sweat from the body. In the short term inhalation of high concentrations of calcium carbide, a chemical can cause bronchitis and pneumonia. After oral administration of potassium permanganate solution, the path line of the mouth, throat and digestive tract quickly corroded. Slight burning sensation in the mouth, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. Heavier still cause swelling of the mouth and throat, difficulty speaking and swallowing. In severe cases, oral mucosa was brownish black, edema, erosion, severe abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, duration of the shock and eventually died of heart failure.

Potassium permanganate, caustic lethal dose of about 5-199. Manganese blood, urine and feces increased in parallel with clinical symptoms, diagnostic value. Metal fume fever fever increase the number of white blood cells. Symptoms of metal fume fever usually does not need special treatment, will also disappear when you disconnect. You can bring heavier symptomatic of how much drinking water, irrigation necessary, take appropriate antipyretic analgesics, such as high fever. Manganese poisoning immediately oral gastric lavage with water, hot milk, egg white or aluminum hydroxide gel, and then in the form of nickel powder injections or oral gastric tube to protect the gastric mucosa. Gastrointestinal bleeding, hemostasis. In extreme cases, prevention and treatment of shock. Bronchitis chemical should withdraw and pneumonia patients, and symptomatic treatment given.

Working with chronic manganese poisoning is based on long-term exposure to manganese powder and dust created by changes in the nervous system. The first sign of this syndrome and neurasthenic disorders of the autonomic functions. Poisoning is more obvious extrapyramidal damage and may be associated with psychiatric symptoms. Advanced Parkinson's syndrome, and toxic psychosis. Is dizziness, headache, fatigue easily sleep efficiency, forgetfulness, neurasthenia syndrome and limb pain, lower limb weakness and excessive sweating, palpitations and other autonomic dysfunction, urine manganese powder or manganese to send more than the upper limit of normal for this region, the increase in tension muscle or tendon hyperreflexia, tremor of fingers clear and easily excitable, emotional instability, lack of interest in things around mental and emotional changes. Severe poisoning extrapyramidal damage or toxic psychosis. Manganese poisoning has no specific indicators of laboratory diagnosis, urinary manganese, hair manganese, with the exception of indicators of exposure.

Agents poisoning soon available metal complexing calcium edetate such treatment, and supportive treatment. Extrapyramidal or significant damage, toxic psychosis, principles of treatment and Neuropsychiatry. The prevention of manganese poisoning detoxification improve ventilation and personal protective equipment.

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